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안드로이드 레이아웃 종류

안드로이드에서 자주 쓰는 레이아웃은 크게 3개가 존재한다.

LinearLayout, RelativeLayout,  ConstraintLayout이 있다.

 

LinearLayout은 horizontal이나 vertical 설정으로 편하게 레이아웃을 구성할 수 있다.

weightSum을 이용하면 웹의 css에서 flex와 같은 역할을 할 수 있다.

 

RelativeLayout은 뷰 id를 통해서 상대적 위치를 기준으로 뷰의 위치를 정해줄 수 있다.

또한 RelativeLayout을 이용하면 뷰를 겹쳐서 둘 수 있다.

 

ConstraintLayout은 앵커를 3개 두어 위치를 유동적으로 설정할 수 있다.

 

 

1. LinearLayout

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    android:orientation="horizontal"
    android:weightSum="3"
    android:gravity="center_vertical"
    >

    <View
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:background="#FF0000"
        />
    <View
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:background="#FFF200"
        />
    <View
        android:layout_weight="1"
        android:layout_width="0dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:background="#000DFF"
        />


</LinearLayout>

 

2. RelativeLayout

 

RelativeLayout

 

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".RelativeLayout">

    <View
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="100dp"
        android:background="#FF8F00"
        />


    <View
        android:id="@+id/blue_view"
        android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:background="@color/design_default_color_primary"
        />

    <View
        android:id="@+id/green_view"
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:background="#FD62FF00"
        android:layout_toRightOf="@+id/blue_view"
        />

</RelativeLayout>

 

 

3. ConstraintLayout

 

ConstraintLayout

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".ConstraintLayout">

    <View
        android:id="@+id/orange_view"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:background="#F9A825"
        />
    <View
        android:id="@+id/blue_view"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/orange_view"
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:background="#1984FF"
        />

    <View
        android:id="@+id/pink_view"
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:background="#FD18F2"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/blue_view"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        />

    <View
        android:id="@+id/yellow_view"
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:background="#FFF200"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/pink_view"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        />
    <View
        android:id="@+id/green_view"
        android:layout_width="50dp"
        android:layout_height="50dp"
        android:background="#27FD18"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toBottomOf="@id/yellow_view"
        app:layout_constraintStart_toStartOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintEnd_toEndOf="parent"
        />

</androidx.constraintlayout.widget.ConstraintLayout>

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